Sub-Millisecond Closed-Loop HIL Architecture for Emergency Braking & Steer-by-Wire ECUs

Abstract: Validating safety-critical ADAS Level 3 control units using synchronized raw video injection and sub-millisecond vehicle chassis dynamics.

1. Challenges in ADAS Sensor Ingestion Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) aggregate radar targets, camera pixel streams, and vehicle motion feedback. Validating Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) on physical tracks is hazardous, expensive, and difficult to reproduce under identical weather and friction conditions.

2. Hardware Synchronization Architecture This paper details a sub-millisecond HIL architecture deploying FPGA hardware to inject raw CSI-2 camera frames and emulate millimeter-wave radar targets directly into the ADAS ECU's perception inputs. Real-time vehicle dynamics models verified that the ECU commanded emergency deceleration within 45 milliseconds of virtual obstacle detection.